БӨЛШЕКТЕР ФИЗИКАСЫНДАҒЫ «ЕГІЗДЕР ПАРАДОКСЫ»
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10.26577/RCPh-2019-i3-9Кілт сөздер:
ПАРАДОКС БЛИЗНЕЦОВ, релятивистские преобразования Лоренца, теория относительности, инерциальные системы отсчета, релятивистский импульс, полная энергия, инвариантная массаАңдатпа
A derivation of relativistic Lorentz transformations for coordinate and time based on the constancy of light speed in all inertial reference frames is given. Using the relativistic relation for momentum and total energy the expression for invariant mass is found. In this connection it is emphasized that the definitions like the rest mass, relativistic mass, motion mass and so on have no physical meaning. The equivalence of mass and energy is also pointed out: one can talk only about the equivalence of mass and rest energy Е0.
The consequence of Lorentz transformations is the well-known twins’ paradox. However, the first test of this effect is in the elementary particle physics: mean lifetime of mu-minus-mesons with energy of 1 GeV increases for an order. Lifetime of sigma-minus-hyperons with energy of 600 GeV increases even 500 times! Both these effects are tested in an experiment.
A brief review of the state of the question in the modern literature sources is given.
