Features of the distribution of events by the multiple of secondary particles depending on the energy of collision and the assymetricity of collising relativistic nuclei

Abstract

To search for signals of the phase transition of matter from the hadronic state to the quark-gluon plasma, interactions with extreme characteristics are studied. The study of the dependence of the average multiplicity on the projectile energy for sulfur and silicon nuclei with energies of 3.7 AGeV, 14 AGeV, and 200 AGeV has been carried out. Experimental data on inelastic interactions with the nuclei of the NIKFI BR-2 emulsion obtained at the SPS at CERN and at the Synchrophasotron at JINR. To take into account fluctuations in the initial conditions of the nucleus-nucleus interaction, the events were divided into central and peripheral ones. A comparative analysis of the average multiplicity with heavy and light nuclei of the photographic emulsion is presented. The multiplicity increase factor has an almost linear increase in energy (on the logarithmic axis) for all events, except for the central interactions of sulfur nuclei with heavy emulsion nuclei at 200 AGeV. These events are explosive events, which give a flux of secondary particles in a narrow range of average pseudo-rapidity and significantly shifted towards low values <η>. The analysis of events of complete destruction of the projectile nucleus is presented. Such events are considered as events in which the most favorable conditions are created for the formation of a quark-gluon plasma.